Merge branch 'cdx-server' of git://github.com/kngenie/pywb into kngenie-cdx-server

Kengie's cdx server refactoring and wsgi improvements

pywb/cdx/cdxdomainspecific.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import yaml
 import re
 import logging
-import pkgutil
+import pkg_resources
 
 from pywb.utils.dsrules import BaseRule, RuleSet
 

pywb/cdx/cdxobject.py

@@ -71,12 +71,25 @@ class CDXObject(OrderedDict):
         # force regen on next __str__ call
         self.cdxline = None
 
+    def is_revisit(self):
+        return (self['mimetype'] == 'warc/revisit' or
+                self['filename'] == '-')
+
+    def to_text(self, fields=None):
+        """
+        return plaintext CDX record (includes newline).
+        :param fields: list of field names to output.
+        """
+        if fields is None:
+            return str(self) + '\n'
+        else:
+            return ' '.join(self[x] for x in fields) + '\n'
+
     def __str__(self):
         if self.cdxline:
             return self.cdxline
 
-        li = itertools.imap(lambda (n, val): val, self.items())
+        return ' '.join(val for n, val in self.iteritems())
-        return ' '.join(li)
 
 
 #=================================================================
@@ -106,5 +119,12 @@ class IDXObject(OrderedDict):
 
         self.idxline = idxline
 
+    def to_text(self, fields=None):
+        """
+        return plaintext IDX record (including newline).
+        :param fields: list of field names to output (currently ignored)
+        """
+        return str(self) + '\n'
+
     def __str__(self):
         return self.idxline

pywb/cdx/cdxops.py

@@ -10,32 +10,39 @@ from collections import deque
 
 
 #=================================================================
-def cdx_load(sources, params, perms_checker=None):
+def cdx_load(sources, params, perms_checker=None, filter=True):
+    """
+    merge text CDX lines from sources, return an iterator for
+    filtered and access-checked sequence of CDX objects.
+
+    :param sources: iterable for text CDX sources.
+    :param perms_checker: access check filter object implementing
+      allow_url_lookup(key, url), allow_capture(cdxobj) and
+      filter_fields(cdxobj) methods.
+    """
+    cdx_iter = load_cdx_streams(sources, params)
+    cdx_iter = make_obj_iter(cdx_iter, params)
+    cdx_iter = filter_cdx(cdx_iter, params)
     if perms_checker:
-        cdx_iter = cdx_load_with_perms(sources, params, perms_checker)
+        cdx_iter = restrict_cdx(cdx_iter, params, perms_checker)
-    else:
+    return cdx_iter
-        cdx_iter = cdx_load_and_filter(sources, params)
-
-    # output raw cdx objects
-    if params.get('output') == 'raw':
-        return cdx_iter
-
-    def write_cdx(fields):
-        for cdx in cdx_iter:
-            yield cdx_text_out(cdx, fields) + '\n'
-
-    return write_cdx(params.get('fields'))
-
 
 #=================================================================
-def cdx_load_with_perms(sources, params, perms_checker):
+def restrict_cdx(cdx_iter, params, perms_checker):
+    """
+    filter out those cdx records that user doesn't have access to,
+    by consulting :param perms_checker:.
+    :param cdx_iter: cdx record source iterable
+    :param params: request parameters (dict)
+    :param perms_checker: object implementing permission checker
+    """
     if not perms_checker.allow_url_lookup(params['key'], params['url']):
         if params.get('matchType', 'exact') == 'exact':
             raise AccessException('Excluded')
 
-    cdx_iter = cdx_load_and_filter(sources, params)
-
     for cdx in cdx_iter:
+        # TODO: we could let filter_fields handle this case by accepting
+        # None as a return value.
         if not perms_checker.allow_capture(cdx):
             continue
 
@@ -43,21 +50,8 @@ def cdx_load_with_perms(sources, params, perms_checker):
 
         yield cdx
 
-
 #=================================================================
-def cdx_text_out(cdx, fields):
+def filter_cdx(cdx_iter, params):
-    if not fields:
-        return str(cdx)
-    else:
-        return ' '.join(map(lambda x: cdx[x], fields.split(',')))
-
-
-#=================================================================
-def cdx_load_and_filter(sources, params):
-    cdx_iter = load_cdx_streams(sources, params)
-
-    cdx_iter = make_obj_iter(cdx_iter, params)
-
     if params.get('proxyAll'):
         return cdx_iter
 
@@ -110,7 +104,7 @@ def make_obj_iter(text_iter, params):
     else:
         cls = CDXObject
 
-    return itertools.imap(lambda line: cls(line), text_iter)
+    return (cls(line) for line in text_iter)
 
 
 #=================================================================
@@ -257,8 +251,8 @@ def cdx_resolve_revisits(cdx_iter):
     originals = {}
 
     for cdx in cdx_iter:
-        is_revisit = ((cdx['mimetype'] == 'warc/revisit') or
+        
-                      (cdx['filename'] == '-'))
+        is_revisit = cdx.is_revisit()
 
         digest = cdx['digest']
 

pywb/cdx/cdxserver.py

@@ -84,7 +84,10 @@ class CDXServer(BaseCDXServer):
 
     def __init__(self, paths, **kwargs):
         super(CDXServer, self).__init__(**kwargs)
-        self.sources = create_cdx_sources(paths, kwargs.get('config'))
+        # TODO: we could save config in member, so that other
+        # methods can use it. it's bad for add_cdx_source to take
+        # config argument.
+        self._create_cdx_sources(paths, kwargs.get('config'))
 
     def load_cdx(self, **params):
         # if key not set, assume 'url' is set and needs canonicalization
@@ -103,10 +106,64 @@ class CDXServer(BaseCDXServer):
             params['key'] = key
             params['end_key'] = end_key
 
-        cdx_iter = cdx_load(self.sources, params, self.perms_checker)
+        cdx_iter = cdx_load(self.sources, params,
-
+                            perms_checker=self.perms_checker)
         return self._check_cdx_iter(cdx_iter, params)
 
+    def _create_cdx_sources(self, paths, config):
+        """
+        build CDXSource instances for each of path in :param paths:.
+        :param paths: list of sources or single source.
+        each source may be either string or CDXSource instance. value
+        of any other types will be silently ignored.
+        :param config: config object passed to :method:`add_cdx_source`.
+        """
+        self.sources = []
+
+        if paths is not None:
+            if not isinstance(paths, (list, tuple)):
+                paths = [paths]
+
+            for path in paths:
+                self.add_cdx_source(path, config)
+
+        if len(self.sources) == 0:
+            logging.warn('No CDX Sources configured from paths=%s', paths)
+
+    def _add_cdx_source(self, source):
+        if source is None: return
+        logging.debug('Adding CDX Source: %s', source)
+        self.sources.append(source)
+
+    def add_cdx_source(self, source, config):
+        if source is None: return
+        if isinstance(source, CDXSource):
+            self._add_cdx_source(source)
+        elif isinstance(source, str):
+            if os.path.isdir(source):
+                for fn in os.listdir(source):
+                    self._add_cdx_source(self._create_cdx_source(
+                            os.path.join(source, fn), config))
+            else:
+                self._add_cdx_source(self._create_cdx_source(
+                        source, config))
+
+    def _create_cdx_source(self, filename, config):
+        if is_http(filename):
+            return RemoteCDXSource(filename)
+
+        if filename.startswith('redis://'):
+            return RedisCDXSource(filename, config)
+
+        if filename.endswith('.cdx'):
+            return CDXFile(filename)
+
+        if filename.endswith(('.summary', '.idx')):
+            return ZipNumCluster(filename, config)
+
+        logging.warn('skipping unrecognized URI:%s', filename)
+        return None
+
     def __str__(self):
         return 'CDX server serving from ' + str(self.sources)
 
@@ -130,12 +187,7 @@ class RemoteCDXServer(BaseCDXServer):
             raise Exception('Invalid remote cdx source: ' + str(source))
 
     def load_cdx(self, **params):
-        remote_iter = self.source.load_cdx(params)
+        remote_iter = cdx_load((self.sources,), params, filter=False)
-
-        # if need raw, convert to raw format here
-        if params.get('output') == 'raw':
-            remote_iter = (CDXObject(cdx) for cdx in remote_iter)
-
         return self._check_cdx_iter(remote_iter, params)
 
     def __str__(self):
@@ -168,58 +220,6 @@ def create_cdx_server(config, ds_rules_file=None):
                       ds_rules_file=ds_rules_file,
                       perms_checker=perms_checker)
 
-
-#=================================================================
-def create_cdx_sources(paths, config=None):
-    sources = []
-
-    if not isinstance(paths, list):
-        paths = [paths]
-
-    for path in paths:
-        if isinstance(path, CDXSource):
-            add_cdx_source(sources, path, config)
-        elif isinstance(path, str):
-            if os.path.isdir(path):
-                for file in os.listdir(path):
-                    add_cdx_source(sources, path + file, config)
-            else:
-                add_cdx_source(sources, path, config)
-
-    if len(sources) == 0:
-        logging.exception('No CDX Sources Found from: ' + str(sources))
-
-    return sources
-
-
-#=================================================================
-def add_cdx_source(sources, source, config):
-    if not isinstance(source, CDXSource):
-        source = create_cdx_source(source, config)
-        if not source:
-            return
-
-    logging.debug('Adding CDX Source: ' + str(source))
-    sources.append(source)
-
-
-#=================================================================
-def create_cdx_source(filename, config):
-    if is_http(filename):
-        return RemoteCDXSource(filename)
-
-    if filename.startswith('redis://'):
-        return RedisCDXSource(filename, config)
-
-    if filename.endswith('.cdx'):
-        return CDXFile(filename)
-
-    if filename.endswith(('.summary', '.idx')):
-        return ZipNumCluster(filename, config)
-
-    return None
-
-
 #=================================================================
 def extract_params_from_wsgi_env(env):
     """ utility function to extract params from the query

pywb/cdx/test/cdxserver_test.py

@@ -167,22 +167,42 @@ import pprint
 from pywb import get_test_dir
 #test_cdx_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)) + '/../sample_data/'
 test_cdx_dir = get_test_dir() + 'cdx/'
+from pywb.cdx.cdxobject import AccessException
+
+from tests.fixture import testconfig, TestExclusionPerms
+
+import pytest
 
 def cdx_ops_test(url, sources = [test_cdx_dir + 'iana.cdx'], **kwparams):
     kwparams['url'] = url
-    kwparams['output'] = 'text'
+    fields = kwparams.get('fields')
+    if fields:
+        fields = fields.split(',')
 
     server = CDXServer(sources)
     results = server.load_cdx(**kwparams)
 
     for x in results:
-        x = x.replace('\t', '    ')
+        l = x.to_text(fields).replace('\t', '    ')
-        sys.stdout.write(x)
+        sys.stdout.write(l)
 
+#================================================================
+
+def test_excluded(testconfig):
+    testconfig['perms_checker'] = TestExclusionPerms()
+    sources = testconfig.get('index_paths')
+    print sources
+    server = CDXServer(sources, perms_checker=testconfig['perms_checker'])
+    assert isinstance(server, CDXServer)
+    assert server.perms_checker
+
+    url = 'http://www.iana.org/_img/bookmark_icon.ico'
+    key = 'org,iana)/_img/bookmark_icon.ico'
+    with pytest.raises(AccessException):
+        cdxobjs = list(server.load_cdx(url=url))
+        print cdxobjs
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     import doctest
     doctest.testmod()
-
-

pywb/cdx/test/wsgi_cdxserver_test.py

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 import webtest
-from pywb.cdx.wsgi_cdxserver import main
+from pywb.cdx.wsgi_cdxserver import create_app
 from pywb import get_test_dir
 
 class TestCdx:
     def setup(self):
-        self.app = main(get_test_dir() + 'cdx/')
+        self.app = create_app(get_test_dir() + 'cdx/')
         self.testapp = webtest.TestApp(self.app)
 
     def test_cdx(self):

pywb/cdx/wsgi_cdxserver.py

@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
-from cdxserver import create_cdx_server, extract_params_from_wsgi_env
+from werkzeug.wrappers import BaseRequest, BaseResponse
+from cdxserver import create_cdx_server
 from pywb import get_test_dir
 
 import logging
 import os
 import yaml
-import pkgutil
+import pkg_resources
+
+import cdxops
 
 #=================================================================
 CONFIG_FILE = 'config.yaml'
@@ -13,65 +16,116 @@ RULES_FILE = 'rules.yaml'
 
 DEFAULT_PORT = 8080
 
-config = None
-if __package__:
-    try:
-        config = pkgutil.get_data(__package__, CONFIG_FILE)
-        config = yaml.load(config)
-    except:
-        pass
-
-
 #=================================================================
-def main(paths=None):
+
+class CDXQueryRequest(BaseRequest):
+    def __init__(self, environ):
+        super(CDXQueryRequest, self).__init__(environ)
+
+    def _get_bool(self, name):
+        v = self.args.get(name)
+        if v:
+            try:
+                v = int(s)
+            except ValueError as ex:
+                v = (s.lower() == 'true')
+        return bool(v)
+    @property
+    def output(self):
+        return self.args.get('output', 'text')
+    @property
+    def filter(self):
+        return self.args.getlist('filter', [])
+    @property
+    def fields(self):
+        v = self.args.get('fields')
+        return v.split(',') if v else None
+    @property
+    def reverse(self):
+        # sort=reverse overrides reverse=0
+        return (self._get_bool('reverse') or
+                self.args.get('sort') == 'reverse')
+    @property
+    def params(self):
+        return dict(t if t[0] == 'filter' else (t[0], t[1][0])
+                    for t in self.args.iterlists())
+
+class WSGICDXServer(object):
+    def __init__(self, config, rules_file):
+        self.cdxserver = create_cdx_server(config, rules_file)
+
+    def __call__(self, environ, start_response):
+        request = CDXQueryRequest(environ)
+        try:
+            logging.debug('request.args=%s', request.params)
+            result = self.cdxserver.load_cdx(**request.params)
+
+            # TODO: select response type by "output" parameter
+            response = PlainTextResponse(result, request.fields)
+            return response(environ, start_response)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            logging.error('load_cdx failed', exc_info=1)
+            # TODO: error response should be different for each response
+            # type
+            start_response('400 Error', [('Content-Type', 'text/plain')])
+            return [str(exc)]
+
+def cdx_text_out(cdx, fields):
+    if not fields:
+        return str(cdx) + '\n'
+    else:
+        logging.info('cdx fields=%s', cdx.keys())
+        # TODO: this will results in an exception if fields contain
+        # non-existent field name.
+        return ' '.join(cdx[x] for x in fields) + '\n'
+
+class PlainTextResponse(BaseResponse):
+    def __init__(self, cdxitr, fields, status=200, content_type='text/plain'):
+        super(PlainTextResponse, self).__init__(
+            response=(
+                cdx.to_text(fields) for cdx in cdxitr
+                ),
+            status=status, content_type=content_type)
+
+# class JsonResponse(Response):
+#     pass
+# class MementoResponse(Response):
+#     pass
+
+def create_app(config=None):
     logging.basicConfig(format='%(asctime)s: [%(levelname)s]: %(message)s',
                         level=logging.DEBUG)
 
-    if not paths:
+    if not config:
-        if config:
+        index_paths = get_test_dir() + 'cdx/'
-            paths = config
+        config = dict(index_paths=index_paths)
-        else:
-            paths = get_test_dir() + 'cdx/'
-
-    cdxserver = create_cdx_server(paths, RULES_FILE)
-
-    def application(env, start_response):
-        try:
-            params = extract_params_from_wsgi_env(env)
-            response = cdxserver.load_cdx(**params)
-
-            start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type', 'text/plain')])
-
-        except Exception as exc:
-            import traceback
-            err_details = traceback.format_exc(exc)
-            start_response('400 Error', [('Content-Type', 'text/plain')])
-            response = [str(exc)]
-            print err_details
-
-        return response
-
-    return application
 
+    return WSGICDXServer(config, RULES_FILE)
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server
+    from optparse import OptionParser
+    from werkzeug.serving import run_simple
 
-    app = main()
+    opt = OptionParser('%prog [OPTIONS]')
+    opt.add_option('-p', '--port', type='int', default=None)
 
-    port = DEFAULT_PORT
+    options, args = opt.parse_args()
-    if config:
-        port = config.get('port', DEFAULT_PORT)
 
-    httpd = make_server('', port, app)
+    configdata = pkg_resources.resource_string(__name__, CONFIG_FILE)
+    config = yaml.load(configdata)
 
-    logging.debug('Starting CDX Server on port ' + str(port))
+    port = options.port
+    if port is None:
+        port = (config and config.get('port')) or DEFAULT_PORT
 
+    app = create_app(config)
+
+    logging.debug('Starting CDX Server on port %s', port)
     try:
-        httpd.serve_forever()
+        run_simple('0.0.0.0', port, app, use_reloader=True, use_debugger=True)
-    except KeyboardInterrupt:
+    except KeyboardInterrupt as ex:
         pass
-
     logging.debug('Stopping CDX Server')
 else:
-    application = main()
+    # XXX pass production config
+    application = create_app()

pywb/indexreader.py

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ class IndexReader(object):
 
         params['allowFuzzy'] = True
 
-        cdxlines = self.load_cdx(url=wburl.url, output='raw', **params)
+        cdxlines = self.load_cdx(url=wburl.url, **params)
 
         return cdxlines
 

setup.py

@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ setup(
         'pyyaml',
         'WebTest',
         'pytest',
+        'werkzeug>=0.9.4',
+        'setuptools',
         ],
     # tests_require=['WebTest', 'pytest'],
     zip_safe=False

test_config.yaml

@@ -92,10 +92,10 @@ enable_cdx_api: true
 
 # optional reporter callback func
 # if set, called with request and cdx object
-reporter: !!python/object/new:tests.test_integration.PrintReporter []
+reporter: !!python/object/new:tests.fixture.PrintReporter []
 
 # custom rules for domain specific matching
 #domain_specific_rules: rules.yaml
 
 #perms_checker: !!python/object/new:pywb.cdx.perms.AllowAllPerms []
-perms_checker:  !!python/object/new:tests.test_integration.TestExclusionPerms []
+perms_checker:  !!python/object/new:tests.fixture.TestExclusionPerms []

tests/fixture.py

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+import os
+import pytest
+
+import yaml
+
+from pywb.cdx.perms import AllowAllPerms
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def testconfig():
+    config = yaml.load(open('test_config.yaml'))
+    assert config
+    if 'index_paths' not in config:
+        # !!! assumes this module is in a sub-directory of project root.
+        config['index_paths'] = os.path.join(
+            os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)),
+            '../sample_archive/cdx')
+    return config
+
+#================================================================
+# Reporter callback for replay view
+class PrintReporter:
+    """Reporter callback for replay view.
+    """
+    def __call__(self, wbrequest, cdx, response):
+        print wbrequest
+        print cdx
+        pass
+
+#================================================================
+class TestExclusionPerms(AllowAllPerms):
+    """
+    Perm Checker fixture which can block one URL.
+    """
+    # sample_archive has captures for this URLKEY
+    URLKEY_EXCLUDED = 'org,iana)/_img/bookmark_icon.ico'
+
+    def allow_url_lookup(self, urlkey, url):
+        """
+        Return true/false if url or urlkey (canonicalized url)
+        should be allowed
+        """
+        if urlkey == self.URLKEY_EXCLUDED:
+            return False
+
+        return super(TestExclusionPerms, self).allow_url_lookup(urlkey, url)

tests/test_integration.py

@@ -9,7 +9,9 @@ class TestWb:
 
     def setup(self):
         #self.app = pywb.wbapp.create_wb_app(pywb.pywb_init.pywb_config())
-        self.app = create_wb_app(pywb_config(self.TEST_CONFIG))
+        # save it in self - useful for debugging
+        self.router = pywb_config(self.TEST_CONFIG)
+        self.app = create_wb_app(self.router)
         self.testapp = webtest.TestApp(self.app)
 
     def _assert_basic_html(self, resp):
@@ -206,25 +208,3 @@ class TestWb:
         resp = self.testapp.get('/pywb/?abc', status = 400)
         assert resp.status_int == 400
         assert 'Invalid Url: http://?abc' in resp.body
-
-#=================================================================
-# Reporter callback for replay view
-class PrintReporter:
-    def __call__(self, wbrequest, cdx, response):
-        print wbrequest
-        print cdx
-
-#=================================================================
-class TestExclusionPerms(AllowAllPerms):
-    """
-    Sample Perm Checker with hard-coded exclusion
-    """
-    def allow_url_lookup(self, urlkey, url):
-        """
-        Return true/false if url or urlkey (canonicalized url)
-        should be allowed
-        """
-        if urlkey == 'org,iana)/_img/bookmark_icon.ico':
-            return False
-
-        return super(TestExclusionPerms, self).allow_url_lookup(urlkey, url)

tests/test_wsgi_cdxserver.py

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+import os
+import re
+
+import pytest
+from urllib import urlencode
+
+from werkzeug.test import Client
+from werkzeug.wrappers import BaseResponse, Response
+
+import yaml
+
+from pywb.cdx.cdxobject import CDXObject
+from pywb.cdx.wsgi_cdxserver import create_app
+
+from tests.fixture import testconfig
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def client(testconfig):
+    app = create_app(testconfig)
+    return Client(app, Response)
+
+# ================================================================
+
+def query(client, url, **params):
+    params['url'] = url
+    return client.get('/cdx?' + urlencode(params, doseq=1))
+
+# ================================================================
+
+def test_exact_url(client):
+    """
+    basic exact match, no filters, etc.
+    """
+    resp = query(client, 'http://www.iana.org/')
+
+    assert resp.status_code == 200
+    print resp.data
+
+def test_prefix_match(client):
+    """
+    prefix match test
+    """
+    resp = query(client, 'http://www.iana.org/', matchType='prefix')
+
+    print resp.data.splitlines()
+    assert resp.status_code == 200
+
+    suburls = 0
+    for l in resp.data.splitlines():
+        fields = l.split(' ')
+        if len(fields[0]) > len('org,iana)/'):
+            suburls += 1
+    assert suburls > 0
+               
+def test_filters(client):
+    """
+    filter cdxes by mimetype and filename field, exact match.
+    """
+    resp = query(client, 'http://www.iana.org/_css/2013.1/screen.css',
+                 filter=('mimetype:warc/revisit', 'filename:dupes.warc.gz'))
+    
+    assert resp.status_code == 200
+    assert resp.mimetype == 'text/plain'
+
+    for l in resp.data.splitlines():
+        fields = l.split(' ')
+        assert fields[0] == 'org,iana)/_css/2013.1/screen.css'
+        assert fields[3] == 'warc/revisit'
+        assert fields[10] == 'dupes.warc.gz'
+
+def test_limit(client):
+    resp = query(client, 'http://www.iana.org/_css/2013.1/screen.css',
+                 limit='1')
+
+    assert resp.status_code == 200
+    assert resp.mimetype == 'text/plain'
+
+    cdxes = resp.data.splitlines()
+    assert len(cdxes) == 1
+    fields = cdxes[0].split(' ')
+    assert fields[0] == 'org,iana)/_css/2013.1/screen.css'
+    assert fields[1] == '20140126200625'
+    assert fields[3] == 'text/css'
+
+    resp = query(client, 'http://www.iana.org/_css/2013.1/screen.css',
+                 limit='1', reverse='1')
+
+    assert resp.status_code == 200
+    assert resp.mimetype == 'text/plain'
+
+    cdxes = resp.data.splitlines()
+    assert len(cdxes) == 1
+    fields = cdxes[0].split(' ')
+    assert fields[0] == 'org,iana)/_css/2013.1/screen.css'
+    assert fields[1] == '20140127171239'
+    assert fields[3] == 'warc/revisit'
+
+def test_fields(client):
+    """
+    retrieve subset of fields with ``fields`` parameter.
+    """
+    resp = query(client, 'http://www.iana.org/_css/2013.1/print.css',
+                 fields='urlkey,timestamp,statuscode')
+
+    assert resp.status_code == 200
+
+    cdxes = resp.data.splitlines()
+
+    for cdx in cdxes:
+        fields = cdx.split(' ')
+        assert len(fields) == 3
+        assert fields[0] == 'org,iana)/_css/2013.1/print.css'
+        assert re.match(r'\d{14}$', fields[1])
+        assert re.match(r'\d{3}|-', fields[2])
+
+def test_fields_undefined(client):
+    """
+    server shall respond with Bad Request (TODO: with proper explanation),
+    when ``fields`` parameter contains undefined name(s).
+    """
+    resp = query(client, 'http://www.iana.org/_css/2013.1/print.css',
+                 fields='urlkey,nosuchfield')
+
+    resp.status_code == 400
+    
+def test_resolveRevisits(client):
+    """
+    with ``resolveRevisits=true``, server adds three fields pointing to
+    the *original* capture.
+    """
+    resp = query(client, 'http://www.iana.org/_css/2013.1/print.css',
+                 resolveRevisits='true'
+                 )
+    assert resp.status_code == 200
+    assert resp.mimetype == 'text/plain'
+
+    cdxes = resp.data.splitlines()
+    originals = {}
+    for cdx in cdxes:
+        fields = cdx.split(' ')
+        assert len(fields) == 14
+        (key, ts, url, mt, st, sha, _, _, size, offset, fn,
+         orig_size, orig_offset, orig_fn) = fields
+        # orig_* fields are either all '-' or (int, int, filename)
+        # check if orig_* fields are equals to corresponding fields
+        # for the original capture.
+        if orig_size == '-':
+            assert orig_offset == '-' and orig_fn == '-'
+            originals[sha] = (int(size), int(offset), fn)
+        else:
+            orig = originals.get(sha)
+            assert orig == (int(orig_size), int(orig_offset), orig_fn)
+
+def test_resolveRevisits_orig_fields(client):
+    """
+    when resolveRevisits=true, extra three fields are named
+    ``orig.length``, ``orig.offset`` and ``orig.filename``, respectively.
+    it is possible to filter fields by these names.
+    """
+    resp = query(client, 'http://www.iana.org/_css/2013.1/print.css',
+                 resolveRevisits='1',
+                 fields='urlkey,orig.length,orig.offset,orig.filename'
+                 )
+    assert resp.status_code == 200
+    assert resp.mimetype == 'text/plain'
+
+    cdxes = resp.data.splitlines()
+    for cdx in cdxes:
+        fields = cdx.split(' ')
+        assert len(fields) == 4
+        key, orig_len, orig_offset, orig_fn = fields
+        assert (orig_len == '-' and orig_offset == '-' and orig_fn == '-' or
+                (int(orig_len), int(orig_offset), orig_fn))
+
+def test_collapseTime_resolveRevisits_reverse(client):
+    resp = query(client, 'http://www.iana.org/_css/2013.1/print.css',
+                 collapseTime='11',
+                 resolveRevisits='true',
+                 reverse='true'
+                 )
+
+    cdxes = [CDXObject(l) for l in resp.data.splitlines()]
+    
+    assert len(cdxes) == 3
+
+    # timestamp is in descending order
+    for i in range(len(cdxes) - 1):
+        assert cdxes[i]['timestamp'] >= cdxes[i + 1]['timestamp']
+