diff --git a/pywb/warc/archiveiterator.py b/pywb/warc/archiveiterator.py
index 65437013..e2c678ed 100644
--- a/pywb/warc/archiveiterator.py
+++ b/pywb/warc/archiveiterator.py
@@ -170,22 +170,26 @@ class ArchiveIndexEntry(object):
         if digest:
             self.digest = digest
 
-    def add_post_query(self, other, options):
+    def merge_request_data(self, other, options):
         surt_ordered = options.get('surt_ordered')
 
         if other.record.rec_type != 'request':
             return False
 
-        if not hasattr(other, 'post_query'):
-            return False
-
         # two requests, not correct
         if self.record.rec_type == 'request':
             return False
 
-        url = append_post_query(self.url, other.post_query)
-        self.key = canonicalize(url, surt_ordered)
-        other.key = self.key
+        # merge POST/PUT body query
+        if hasattr(other, 'post_query'):
+            url = append_post_query(self.url, other.post_query)
+            self.key = canonicalize(url, surt_ordered)
+            other.key = self.key
+
+        referer = other.record.status_headers.get_header('referer')
+        if referer:
+            self.referer = referer
+
         return True
 
 
@@ -244,13 +248,14 @@ def join_request_records(entry_iter, options):
         # check for url match
         if (entry.url != prev_entry.url):
             pass
-        # check for concurrency also
-        #elif (entry.record.rec_headers.get_header('WARC-Concurrent-To') !=
-        #    prev_entry.record.rec_headers.get_header('WARC-Record-ID')):
-        #    pass
 
-        elif (entry.add_post_query(prev_entry, options) or
-            prev_entry.add_post_query(entry, options)):
+        # check for concurrency also
+        elif (entry.record.rec_headers.get_header('WARC-Concurrent-To') !=
+            prev_entry.record.rec_headers.get_header('WARC-Record-ID')):
+            pass
+
+        elif (entry.merge_request_data(prev_entry, options) or
+            prev_entry.merge_request_data(entry, options)):
             yield prev_entry
             yield entry
             prev_entry = None
diff --git a/pywb/warc/cdxindexer.py b/pywb/warc/cdxindexer.py
index caae83c7..0ba0900b 100644
--- a/pywb/warc/cdxindexer.py
+++ b/pywb/warc/cdxindexer.py
@@ -10,11 +10,16 @@ from archiveiterator import create_index_iter
 
 #=================================================================
 class CDXWriter(object):
-    def __init__(self, out):
+    def __init__(self, out, cdx09=False):
         self.out = out
+        self.cdx09 = cdx09
 
     def __enter__(self):
-        self.out.write(' CDX N b a m s k r M S V g\n')
+        if not self.cdx09:
+            self.out.write(' CDX N b a m s k r M S V g\n')
+        else:
+            self.out.write(' CDX N b a m s k r V g\n')
+
         return self
 
     def write(self, entry, filename):
@@ -23,8 +28,7 @@ class CDXWriter(object):
     def __exit__(self, *args):
         return False
 
-    @staticmethod
-    def write_cdx_line(out, entry, filename):
+    def write_cdx_line(self, out, entry, filename):
         out.write(entry.key)
         out.write(' ')
         out.write(entry.timestamp)
@@ -36,9 +40,12 @@ class CDXWriter(object):
         out.write(entry.status)
         out.write(' ')
         out.write(entry.digest)
-        out.write(' - - ')
-        out.write(entry.length)
-        out.write(' ')
+        if self.cdx09:
+            out.write(' - ')
+        else:
+            out.write(' - - ')
+            out.write(entry.length)
+            out.write(' ')
         out.write(entry.offset)
         out.write(' ')
         out.write(filename)
@@ -47,9 +54,9 @@ class CDXWriter(object):
 
 #=================================================================
 class SortedCDXWriter(CDXWriter):
-    def __init__(self, out):
-        super(SortedCDXWriter, self).__init__(out)
+    def __enter__(self):
         self.sortlist = []
+        return super(SortedCDXWriter, self).__enter__()
 
     def write(self, entry, filename):
         outbuff = BytesIO()
@@ -74,7 +81,7 @@ def iter_file_or_dir(inputs):
 
 #=================================================================
 def index_to_file(inputs, output, sort,
-                  surt_ordered, include_all, append_post_query):
+                  surt_ordered, include_all, append_post, cdx09):
     if output == '-':
         outfile = sys.stdout
     else:
@@ -85,15 +92,15 @@ def index_to_file(inputs, output, sort,
     else:
         writer_cls = CDXWriter
 
-    with writer_cls(outfile) as writer:
+    with writer_cls(outfile, cdx09) as writer:
         for fullpath, filename in iter_file_or_dir(inputs):
             with open(fullpath, 'r') as infile:
                 write_index(writer, filename, infile,
-                            surt_ordered, append_post_query, include_all)
+                            surt_ordered, append_post, include_all)
 
 #=================================================================
 def index_to_dir(inputs, output, sort,
-                 surt_ordered, include_all, append_post_query):
+                 surt_ordered, include_all, append_post, cdx09):
 
     if sort:
         writer_cls = SortedCDXWriter
@@ -101,15 +108,14 @@ def index_to_dir(inputs, output, sort,
         writer_cls = CDXWriter
 
     for fullpath, filename in iter_file_or_dir(inputs):
-
         outpath = cdx_filename(filename)
         outpath = os.path.join(output, outpath)
 
         with open(outpath, 'w') as outfile:
-            with writer_cls(outfile) as writer:
+            with writer_cls(outfile, cdx09) as writer:
                 with open(fullpath, 'r') as infile:
                     write_index(writer, filename, infile,
-                                surt_ordered, append_post_query, include_all)
+                                surt_ordered, append_post, include_all)
 
 #=================================================================
 def remove_ext(filename):
@@ -168,6 +174,10 @@ sort the output to each file before writing to create a total ordering
 Convert SURT (Sort-friendly URI Reordering Transform) back to regular
 urls for the cdx key. Default is to use SURT keys.
 Not-recommended for new cdx, use only for backwards-compatibility.
+"""
+
+    cdx09_help = """
+Use older 9-field cdx format, default is 11-cdx field
 """
 
     output_help = """output file or directory.
@@ -207,16 +217,20 @@ form query to url key. (Only applies to form url encoded posts)"""
                         action='store_true',
                         help=unsurt_help)
 
+    parser.add_argument('-9', '--cdx09',
+                        action='store_true',
+                        help=cdx09_help)
+
     parser.add_argument('output', nargs='?', default='-', help=output_help)
     parser.add_argument('inputs', nargs='+', help=input_help)
 
     cmd = parser.parse_args(args=args)
     if cmd.output != '-' and os.path.isdir(cmd.output):
         index_to_dir(cmd.inputs, cmd.output, cmd.sort,
-                     not cmd.unsurt, cmd.allrecords, cmd.postappend)
+                     not cmd.unsurt, cmd.allrecords, cmd.postappend, cmd.cdx09)
     else:
         index_to_file(cmd.inputs, cmd.output, cmd.sort,
-                      not cmd.unsurt, cmd.allrecords, cmd.postappend)
+                      not cmd.unsurt, cmd.allrecords, cmd.postappend, cmd.cdx09)
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
diff --git a/pywb/warc/test/test_indexing.py b/pywb/warc/test/test_indexing.py
index e8fbbd84..b13c71b5 100644
--- a/pywb/warc/test/test_indexing.py
+++ b/pywb/warc/test/test_indexing.py
@@ -107,9 +107,9 @@ org,iana,example)/ 20130702195402 http://example.iana.org/ text/html 200 B2LTWWP
 204
 
 # test sort, multiple inputs, all records + post query
->>> cli_lines(['--sort', '-a', '-p', TEST_WARC_DIR])
-com,example)/ 20130729195151 http://test@example.com/ warc/revisit - B2LTWWPUOYAH7UIPQ7ZUPQ4VMBSVC36A - - 591 355 example-url-agnostic-revisit.warc.gz
-org,iana,example)/ 20130702195402 http://example.iana.org/ text/html 200 B2LTWWPUOYAH7UIPQ7ZUPQ4VMBSVC36A - - 1001 353 example-url-agnostic-orig.warc.gz
+>>> cli_lines(['--sort', '-a', '-p', '-9', TEST_WARC_DIR])
+com,example)/ 20130729195151 http://test@example.com/ warc/revisit - B2LTWWPUOYAH7UIPQ7ZUPQ4VMBSVC36A - 355 example-url-agnostic-revisit.warc.gz
+org,iana,example)/ 20130702195402 http://example.iana.org/ text/html 200 B2LTWWPUOYAH7UIPQ7ZUPQ4VMBSVC36A - 353 example-url-agnostic-orig.warc.gz
 395
 
 # test writing to stdout